Ligand for the receptor-type protein-tyrosine kinase KIT. Plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. KITLG/SCF binding can activate several signaling pathways. Promotes phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and subsequent activation of the kinase AKT1. KITLG/SCF and KIT also transmit signals via GRB2 and activation of RAS, RAF1 and the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1. KITLG/SCF and KIT promote activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5. KITLG/SCF and KIT promote activation of PLCG1, leading to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. KITLG/SCF acts synergistically with other cytokines, probably interleukins.

1. Authors show here that cyclin F, a substrate receptor F-box protein for the SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F-box) family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, is a bona fide AKT substrate. PMID: 28954236
2. A statistically significant relationship was found between stem cell factor level and oocyte maturation, embryo quality, and clinical pregnancy. PMID: 28285567
3. PAR2 plays a direct role in melanogenesis by increasing SCF secretion from keratinocytes. PMID: 26909822
4. We did not find any KITLG mutation in two affected individuals with familial progressive hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation. PMID: 27859606
5. results suggest that SCF can accelerate cell homing and the maturation of the pulp-dentin complex in human immature teeth. PMID: 27762658
6. SCF is a critical regulatory factor for conceptus development and implantation during pregnancy in pigs. PMID: 28551414
7. results revealed that the Th17-mediated inflammatory environment promotes mast cell accumulation through keratinocyte-derived SCF PMID: 28456630
8. Bone marrow adipocytes synthesize SCF, promoting hematopoietic stem cell proliferation/regeneration. PMID: 28714970
9. Hypoxia microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma up-regulates HIF2/SCF expression, which in turn promotes angiogenesis and HCC metastasis. PMID: 28153790
10. Insights into the transmembrane helix associations of Kit ligand have been reported. PMID: 28370370
11. There were no significant differences in CD334-SCF double-positive FB and CD31-SCF double-positive EC levels between the two periapical tissue groups (P > 0.05). CD14-SCF double-positive MP density was considerably higher in periapical granulomas than in cysts (P < 0.01). PMID: 28290616
12. A significant association of rs995030 of the KITLG gene with the development of testicular germ cell tumors (p = 0.029 for the allele G, p = 0.0124 for the genotype GG) was revealed. PMID: 28064312
13. Overexpression of SCF is associated with Lewis lung carcinoma. PMID: 26666817
14. both SCF and IL-31 play an important role in mediating inflammation and enhancing severity of atopic asthma. PMID: 26853551
15. women with endometriosis have low levels of endometrial SCF PMID: 26791471
16. results suggested the existence of E2F1-miR-34c-SCF negative feedback loop which was interrupted by the hyper-methylation of miR-34c promoter in CRC cells and increased cell proliferation. PMID: 26704889
17. IL-1b, which normally bridges innate and adaptive immunity, induces the production of the major haematopoietic/proleukaemic growth factor SCF through the PI-3K/mTOR pathway and the HIF-1a transcription complex. PMID: 25418470
18. We identified a new heterozygous missense mutation in two families with hyper- and hypopigmentation disorders (p.Thr34Asn and p.Val37Gly, respectively). Of the six affected individuals examined by us, two had cancer. PMID: 26179221
19. Na+/H+ antiporter inhibition induces cell death in TF-1 erythroleukemia cells stimulated by the stem cell factor PMID: 26188365
20. IL-7 and SCF are elevated for a prolonged period after double umbilical cord blood transplantation and persistently high levels of these cytokines may correlate with worse clinical outcomes. PMID: 26177551
21. Allelic Mutations of KITLG, Encoding KIT Ligand, Cause Asymmetric and Unilateral Hearing Loss and Waardenburg Syndrome Type 2. PMID: 26522471
22. Foxc1 is essential for progenitor cell development and maintenance of bone marrow niches for these cells upregulating CXCL12 and SCF expression and inhibiting of adipogenic processes in cell progenitors. (Review) PMID: 26049754
23. Results identified SCF as a direct target of HIF-1 in pancreatic cancer. SCF/c-kit promoted invasion and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and may be a new target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. PMID: 25799412
24. we found that Kl treatment impairs Nodal mRNA expression and Fgf9-mediated Nanos2 induction, reinforcing the antagonistic effect of these two growth factors on the meiotic fate of male germ cells PMID: 25766327
25. A functional p53 responsive polymorphism in KITLG, rs4590952, does not affect the risk of breast cancer. PMID: 25220285
26. High SCF expression is associated with metastasis in non-small cell lung cancers. PMID: 25401222
27. SCF-mediated gamma-globin gene expression in adult human erythroid cells is associated with KLF1, BCL11A and SOX6 down-regulation. PMID: 25457384
28. overexpression of Snail in PDAC cells increased SCF levels, and the media conditioned by Snail-expressing PDAC cells promoted mast cell migration. PMID: 24944064
29. Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue from 100 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer was immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67 and Ki-67/KL1. Ki-67 was manually scored in different regions by 2 observers and automated image analysis PMID: 24897070
30. KIT-L could be now a direct NOBOX target. PMID: 25514101
31. Stem cell factor is a novel independent prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. PMID: 25086759
32. Together, these data indicate that stem cell factor1-165 is more thermostable than stem cell factor1-141. PMID: 25061857
33. High KITLG is associated with growth and invasion in colorectal cancer. PMID: 25213795
34. These findings suggest that integration of SCF and LTD4 signals may contribute to MC hyperplasia and hyper-reactivity during airway hyper-response and inflammation PMID: 25161061
35. study reports a modulatory role for antimullerian hormone as an ovarian/follicular autocrine/paracrine factor controlling SCF expression via the cAMP/PKA pathway in granulosa cells PMID: 25241372
36. Gain-of-function mutations in c-Kit result mastocytosis, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and other hematological neoplasms. (Review) PMID: 24745671
37. Variants of the KITLG enhancer is associated with blond hair color. PMID: 24880339
38. Data reveal that SCF disrupts the endothelial adherens junction and enhances vascular leakage, and suggest that anti-SCF/cKit therapy may hold promise as a potential therapy for the treatment of hyperpermeable vascular diseases. PMID: 24790137
39. Data indicate that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) stimulated s tem cell factor (Kitl/KITLG) protein and mRNA expression and promoter activity by activating several signaling pathways. PMID: 24116170
40. Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of SCF protects the heart from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. PMID: 23680593
41. Data indicate that stem cell factor (SCF) was expressed in differentiating dental pulp. PMID: 23703692
42. Seborrheic keratosis cells do not respond to IL-1alpha or TNF-alpha to stimulate production of SCF, whereas a significant stimulation of SCF is elicited by those same cytokines in normal human keratinocytes. PMID: 23662587
43. Study uncovered a single-nucleotide polymorphism in a functional p53-binding site and establish its influence on the ability of p53 to bind to and regulate transcription of the KITLG gene. The SNP resides in KITLG and associates with one of the largest risks identified among cancer genome-wide association studies. PMID: 24120139
44. N-linked carbohydrate modifiers affect stem cell factor and endothelin-1-stimulated epidermal pigmentation in human epidermal equivalents PMID: 23273644
45. RIN3 is a negative regulator of mast cell responses to SCF PMID: 23185384
46. this is the first report to determine the significant contribution of SCF autoproduction to neoplastic proliferation of mast cells PMID: 23125456
47. A unique requirement for KIT Ligand in the upregulation of glucocorticoid receptor alpha isoform and optimal erythroblast expansion in cultures that mimic stress erythropoiesis. PMID: 22533504
48. Stem cell factor was expressed in all tumour subgroups, with the highest in oncocytomas and papillary renal cell carcinomas. Stem cell factor correlated positively with the cytoplasmic expression of KIT. PMID: 23060556
49. Elevated plasma levels of SCF are associated with inflammatory bowel disease with JCV infection. PMID: 22467521
50. The KITLG (rs4474514) variants were significantly associated with germ cell tumors only in the adolescent age group. PMID: 22072546

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[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cell projection, filopodium.; [Soluble KIT ligand]: Secreted.

SCF family

HGNC: 6343

OMIM: 145250

KEGG: hsa:4254

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000228280

UniGene: Hs.1048